语言学论文哪里有？本研究以概念隐喻理论为基础，探讨蒙古语五种动物习语中隐藏的两种域映射动机的人类认知。在某种程度上，本文运用的概念隐喻理论为研究蒙古语五动物习语提供了一个新的视角。
Chapter OneIntroduction
1.3 Methodology and Objective of This Study
Based on the previous study,this research concentrates on doing a research onthe Mongolian five-animal-idioms from the perspective conceptual metaphor theory.As for data and methodology,the thesis adopts qualitative approach.Based onanalytical model of the conceptual metaphor theory in cognitive linguistics,100Mongolian five-animal-idioms are collected from the Dictionary of MongolianIdioms(ᠮᠣᠩᠣᠣᠬᠡᠯᠡᠴ ᠶᠢᠨᠳᠠᠡᠠᠢ),Mongolian Idioms(ᠮᠤᠩᠤᠣᠦᠪᠡᠷᠢᠡᠴᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠶᠢᠨᠴᠣᠭᠡᠠᠭᠣᠡᠭᠠ),to explore andreveal the cognitive motivation of the Mongolian five-animal-idioms.The methodsused in this study are descriptive method,analytical method and synthetic method.These methods are used in describing the data collected to set up a foundation foranalysis in clarifying the metaphorical mapping of the Mongolian five-animal-idioms.This thesis analyzes the cognitive motivation of the Mongolian five-animal-idiomsand makes a detailed explanation of them.These approaches contribute to thecognitive analysis of the Mongolian five-animal-idioms in the Chapter Four.
Chapter ThreeTheoretical Framework
3.1 Experiential Basis of Conceptual Metaphor Theory
Lakoff and Johnson suggest that our conceptual systems are fundamentallymetaphorical.Then it raises a significant question:What motivates the metaphors thatwe have now?Is there any reason that explains this phenomenon?Experientialism isthe answer.Lakoff and Johnson(1980,p.57)propose that“the most important thingto stress about grounding is the distinction between an experience and the way weconceptualize it.That is to say,our conceptual system is grounded in our experienceof the world.Lakoff and Johnson(1980,p.57)state that“Concepts that emerge inthis way are concepts that we live by in the most fundamental way”.Metaphor is notisolated from others.Instead,it is on the basis of our bodily,physical and socialexperience.Namely,all the conventional metaphors have their specific experientialbasis.
Chapter FourConceptual Metaphors in the Mongolian Five-Animal-Idioms
4.1 Metaphorical Mappings of Idioms About Horses
The concepts of horses widely used in idioms areᠬᠡᠯᠦ(steed horse),ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠳ(horses),ᠠᠭᠲᠠ(gelding),ᠠᠵᠢᠡᠭᠠ(stallion),ᠣᠨᠠᠭᠠ(foal).In certain context,they all canbe replaced by the general term“ᠮᠣᠡᠢ”(horse).
4.1.1 MAN’S MENTAL STATE IS HORSE
This section discusses some metaphorical expressions of LUCK IS HORSE.InMongolian people’s perception,horses are the animals that can make people energeticand vigorous,and horses symbolize majestic,full of energy,luck,fortunate andauspicious.(Sonom,2008)explains the origin ofᠬᠢᠷᠣᠡᠢorᠬᠢᠮᠣᠡᠢ(air horse)in his bookthat“a kind of luck or blessing born with human”,“horse of hope”,“a kind of pictureinherits from ancient Mongolian tradition”Many Mongolian people are hanging thiskind of picture on the wall or on their doors,hoping that it can bring them good luck.Mongolian people have a tradition of rising the“ᠬᠢᠷᠣᠡᠢ”(air horse).They believe thatthis tradition brings them good luck.Therefore,the word“ᠬᠢᠷᠣᠡᠢ”(air horse)impliesgood luck or good fortune.According to Sonom(2008),“ᠬᠢᠷᠣᠡᠢ”(air horse)is alsoregarded as a“magic horse”or a“divine horse”with two wings.Traditionally,it isregarded as a mythical creature in Mongolian tradition and worshiped by Mongolianpeople.These experiences of Mongolian people provide more evidences that“horse”has metaphor of“good luck”.These are the cultural basis of horse metaphors.
4.2 Metaphorical Mappings of Idioms About Cattle
Although,it has rarely mentioned in Mongolian literature,Mongolian peopletraditionally worships cattle.(Shaobu,1997).Since cattle are members of theMongolian five animals,the idioms related to cattle are numerous in quantity.Most ofthese cattle idioms are metaphorical.It should be noted that following few terms arefrequently used in the cattle idioms.“ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠣ”(calf)means the new born cattle.“ᠪᠤᠠ”means grown up male cattle,which has not been castrated.“ᠮᠠᠣ”(cattle)and“ᠦᠬᠠ”(cattle)are both general terms of cattle.Sometimes,the general term of cattle“ᠮᠠᠣ”also indicates general term of all the Mongolian five animals or all animals.In thefollowing analysis,all these concepts of cattle are illustrated in the mode ofconceptual metaphor theory.
Chapter FiveConclusion
5.1 Research Findings of This Study
This thesis has conducted a study of the Mongolian five-animal-idioms from theperspective of conceptual metaphor theory.According to the methodology ofobservation,100 samples of the Mongolian five-animal-idioms are selected fromDictionary of Mongolian Idioms(ᠮᠣᠩᠣᠣᠬᠡᠯᠡᠴ ᠶᠢᠨᠳᠠᠡᠠᠢ)and Mongolian Idioms(ᠮᠤᠩᠤᠣᠦᠪᠡᠷᠢᠡᠴᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠶᠢᠨᠴᠤᠭᠡᠠᠭᠣᠡᠭᠠ).Based on the selected data,the research is an attempt to explore andreveal the cognitive mechanism of the Mongolian five-animal-idioms.
The main findings of this thesis can be summarized as follows:
Based on classifying target domain of conceptual metaphor in the Mongolianfive-animal-idioms,there are eight types of conceptual metaphors and they all belongto ontological metaphor.The eight types of conceptual metaphors are appearances,mental state,situation,personality,actions,emotion,relationships and characteristicsof human beings,and they are all metaphorically mapped by the attributes ofMongolian five-animal-idioms.However,only small proportions of the horsemetaphors are identified as Orientational metaphor,such as some metaphors ofhorse idioms,ᠬᠢᠮᠣᠡᠢ(air horse).Because these idioms are closely related to specialorientation.ᠬᠢᠮᠣᠡᠢ(air horse)can be interpreted as up and down,raise and reduce.
The conceptual metaphors in horse idioms account for the largest proportion inthe Mongolian five-animal-idioms.In view of the fact that horses are most frequently used in Mongolian people’s life.Then,the conceptual metaphors of cattle account forthe second largest proportion in the Mongolian five-animal-idioms.In addition,themetaphors of camels and goats account for the third largest proportion in theMongolian five-animal-idioms.Then the conceptual metaphors of sheep account forthe smallest proportion in the Mongolian five-animal-idioms.
reference(omitted)
