英语论文哪里有？本次对纪录片《松花江》的口译实践模拟提升了作者的口译能力，为未来口译活动提供了一些宝贵经验。并且，该实践有助于弘扬中国东北文化，加强城市形象吸引力。最后，也希望针对此次口译实践难点提出的应对策略对日后同类实践能够提供参考。
Chapter One Task Description
1.2 Significance of the Report
Northeast China was once the cradle of New China’s industry and has made historic and significant contributions to China’s reform and opening up and modernization. At the same time, as an important industrial and agricultural base, Northeast China plays a very important role in maintaining national defense security, food security, industrial security, etc. In addition, as an important part of the Northeast Asian Land and Maritime Silk Road, the Songhua River is of great strategic importance in revitalizing the old industrial bases of Northeast Asia and promoting the common prosperity of all ethnic groups in this region. With such a prospect and opportunity, the documentary The Songhua River attempts to interpret the past and present of Northeast China from different perspectives and looks into the future of Northeast China as well. This documentary is a record of the real life of the Songhua River, showing different stories about the interrelationship between the river and people.
In the process of promoting the full revitalization of Northeast China in the new era, promoting the culture of Northeast China can strengthen the attractiveness of the region and the city shaping, thus this documentary has an important significance of international communication. The Songhua River shows the natural scenery and the splendid culture of Northeast China through detailed narration.
Chapter Three Theoretical Foundation
3.1 The Generalization of the Interpretive Theory
As the first systematic theory of interpreting in the world, the Interpretive Theory was adopted by the author as the theoretical guidance for the simulated interpreting practice. The Interpretive Theory, also known as “the theory of sense”, was born in France at the end of the 1960s, and in 1984, the publication of Interpreter pour Traduire written by Professor Seleskovitch and Lederer marked the establishment of the Interpretive Theory. In 1994 Professor Lederer published La Traduction aujourd’ hui-le modele interpretative, which marks the maturity and perfection of the Interpretive Theory. Professor Seleskovitch and Professor Marianne Lederer are the major representatives of this theory. Professor Seleskovic (1978:8) believes that the core and purpose of interpreting is communication, and that the important thing is the meaning conveyed by the speaker rather than the language he or she uses. In order to understand the speaker’s meaning, it is necessary for interpreters to combine the linguistic meaning of the discourse with non-linguistic knowledge. In addition, there is a hidden part between comprehension and delivery, which is deverbalization. Interpreting should not be restricted from the linguistic form of the original language but focus on the meanings and thoughts to be expressed by the speaker, and the central task of the interpreter is deverbalization and to catch the essence of the meaning (Gong, 2008:81).
Chapter Four Case Analysis
4.1 Loose Sentences
As two different languages, there exists a number of differences between Chinese and English, and one of the most obvious differences is while Chinese emphasizes the parataxis, that English emphasizes the hypotaxis. Chinese is a kind of implicit language, with no lexical variation, and the meaning is expressed through the logic of the meaning contained in the words or sentences. As a result, the clauses and phrases are placed and linked to show their relationship one after the other without any relative words, making the sentence structure relatively loose. Chinese is a language with a relatively weak formal mechanism, generally lacking morphological means mainly relying on direct connecting, and overwhelmingly dominated by LR (left-to-right) order (Xie, 1999:110). On the other hand, English is an explicit language with more lexical variations and various grammatical forms. Within sentences, more relative words, conjunctions, prepositions, and participles are used to reflect the logical relationships between phrases and sentences, and the whole sentence is more structured. Wang Li (1984:94) pointed out that the structure of Western languages is like a chain of rings, which are interlocked and there exist traces of interconnections; whereas the Chinese language focuses more on expressing the meaning, and two related things can be put together without using any connecting words.
4.2 Culture-loaded Words
Culture-loaded words refer to the words, phrases, and idioms that signify the unique things in a particular culture. These words reflect the unique activities of a certain nation, which are gradually accumulated in the long course of history and are different from other nations (Liao, 2000:232). According to the categorization of culture-loaded words by Nida (1945:196), “translation problems may be treated under ecology, material culture, social culture, religious culture, and linguistic culture ”.
The documentary involves many festivals, foods, and dialects with Chinese and even Northeast China characteristics, which pose a great difficulty for the author when interpreting. Professor Sun Zhili (1999:42) believes that the greatest difficulty in translation often lies in the cultural implications carried by the language rather than in the language itself. For example, in this documentary, there is an introduction to “库木勒节”, which is a traditional festival unique to the Daur ethnic group and very unfamiliar to both non-Daur people in China and foreign audiences. Professor Bao Huinan (2004:10) also made another definition to culture-loaded words, he thinks that culture-loaded words can also be called lexical gap which refers to the fact that the cultural information carried by the source language has no correspondence in the target language.
Conclusion
Under the guidance of the Interpretive Theory, the author completed simulated consecutive interpreting practice for two episodes of the documentary The Songhua River. The whole interpreting process lasted nearly four hours, which was very time-consuming and labor-intensive. After completing this simulated practice, the author reviewed the whole interpreting process and found that although there were many problems in interpreting, she also received some personal gains.
Under the guidance of the Interpretive Theory and the analysis of cases, the author found that: first, the interpreter should pay attention the logical expression differences between the source language and the target language, and when dealing with the implicit logic in Chinese, the interpreter should add appropriate correlative words or conjunctions to reflect its implicit logic; second, it is difficult for the interpreter to find the corresponding interpreting of culture-loaded words in the target language, so the interpreter should combine the strategy of paraphrasing and explanation to express the culture-loaded words accurately to the target language audience without mistakes, so as to achieve the purpose of cross-cultural communication; third, there is a big difference between Chinese and English in terms of sentence structure, and the interpreter should reconstruct the sentence structure appropriately in some context, avoid causing ambiguity by literal interpreting, and the interpreting should conform to the expression habits of the target language, thus conveying the information accurately; fourth, the redundant contents in source language may affect the interpreting quality, so the interpreter could appropriately omit them or generalize to ensure the concise of the interpreting if the redundant contents do not affetc the original meaning.
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