英语论文哪里有？本研究从心理空间的角度分析了主人公Shan和Seamus试图通过完全放弃一个同时拥抱另一个来寻找自己的身份的过程，他们都未能找到自己的身份。正如刘教授所说，“在全球化时代，当‘混血’这个词经常被讨论，文化交流不断发生时，做一个纯粹的中国人或纯粹的澳大利亚人一点帮助都没有”（刘64）。
Chapter One Introduction
1.3 The Structure of This Thesis
The thesis is divided into six parts.The first chapter is an introduction,includingan introduction to the author and his work,background of this thesis and the structure ofthis thesis,which aims to provide a piece of general information about Brian Castro andhis novel Birds of Passage.The second chapter is literature review,including thestudies of Birds of Passage at home and abroad and an introduction to spatial theory,which aims to categorize the current research about the text and thus explains thecreation of this thesis.Besides,a brief introduction to the spatial theory is significant forreaders to have a clear idea about the theoretical basis of this thesis.Chapter Three isphysical space—the natural connection between two protagonists in the novel.In thischapter,this research will analyze how Brian Castro subverts the Australian nationalism which proclaims that there has no connection between the minority groups andAustralian land by depicting the intimate relationship between Shan and Seamus andtheir surroundings.Chapter Four is social space—the social resistance of twoprotagonists in the novel.In this part,by revealing the struggle of Shan and Seamusagainst Australian prejudice and violation,this research will further explore thesubversion of Brian Castro against frivolous and spiteful Australian nationalism.Chapter Five is psychological space—the self-reflection of the two protagonists in thenovel.In this chapter,this research will exemplify the internal world of Shan andSeamus,analyze their psychological condition and finally discuss their transcendencebeyond the boundaries of Australian nationalism and make peace with the postmodernsociety’s features of ambiguity and uncertainty.Finally Chapter Six is the conclusionwhich will discuss the major findings,significance of this research and limitations andsuggestions for future studies.
Chapter ThreePhysical Space:The Natural Connection between TwoProtagonists
3.1 The Historic Connection Nature Reserves for Human
This section focuses on the similarly formidable physical space and the awkwardAustralian public areas two protagonists trapped in which aims to uncover the inheritedmiserable conditions between early immigrants and their offspring.Besides,an inquiryof the metaphorical meaning of the images pestering Shan and Seamus is also necessaryto emphasis the historic connection between the minority groups and the Australian landand thus to subvert the ideology of Australian nationalism.
3.1.1 The Bleak Physical Space Leading to Psychological Crisis
One of the most representative descriptions about the miserable scenery ofAustralian physical space is in Seamus’reminiscence about the days he spent in Twin Groves where Seamus’grandfather used to live in.When his old man died of cirrhosisof the liver,Seamus was reluctantly moved in with his stepparents.In such remote andsterile countryside,Seamus despairingly found out that he was swathed by a pile ofdeserted plastic trash and countless cobwebs.
Chapter FivePsychological Space:The Self-reflection of Two Protagonists
5.1 The Inveteracy and Final Collapse of Traditional Chinese Culture
As an authentic Chinese,Lo Yun Shan is bound to encounter breathtaking andsmothering social prejudice and controversies due to his profound recognition ofChinese culture.Just as Kam pointed out that“Castro sees his protagonists such as LoYun Shan as men from the margins,bound to create instabilities within the core of thedominant culture”(Louie 187).Therefore,by analyzing his experiences of adhering andabandoning of his belief,this part will point out how the narrow and shallow Australiannationalism erodes an innocent and ambitious immigrant into a murder and failurewhich contributes to subvert such injustice and hideous social ideology.
5.1.1 Lo Yun Shan’s Adherence to Confucian Doctrines
As a member of those earliest frontiers who sailed abroad to make fortune inAustralia,Shan experienced a tough process of adopting into the foreign culturalenvironment.Although such attempt finally failed,Shan got much more profound and thorough understanding and contemplation of the advantages and limitations of his owntraditional Chinese culture.Based on the analysis of the novel,Shan’s adherence to thetraditional Chinese culture was mainly described from three aspects:first was theinfluence of traditional Chinese culture to his personalities;second was the influence tohis way of viewing and inquiring his surroundings;third was the influence to hisattitude towards the foreign culture.By analyzing from these three aspects,the researchwill uncover the internal secret spiritual world of those early Chinese immigrantsrepresented by Shan and argue how such profound cultural influence of his motherlandcontributed to his final collapse of his Australian adaption.
5.2 The Hybridity and Identity Crisis of In-between
In the psychological space,the issues of hybridity and identity crisis actually areeffective ways of examining the social ethnic and cultural constructs.Just as MichaelDeves argues that“to have a stable position or identity is to be at best stagnant,and atworst out of touch with life”(220).It explains why the protagonists in the text arealways unsure of their identity and often start to disintegrate or ponder about theiridentity during the course of the novel.Therefore,by analyzing how Seamus fails infinding his identity in both of the Chinese and Australian culture,this researchendeavors to explore the devastating effect of Australian nationalism in torturing thoseminority groups by abandoning them into the embarrassing and turbulent culturaldilemma.
5.2.1 The Failure of Seamus to Find the Sense of Identity in ChineseCulture
As an Australian-Born-Chinese,Seamus suffered from the loss of his identity andtrapped in severe mental illness.Born with the typical Asian appearance,Seamus wasfrequently mistreated by strangers as a Chinese rather than an Australian citizen.However,from his own point of view,Seamus paid much attention to his westernfeatures which could prove his nationality as an Australian such as his blue eyes and hisauthentic and fluent oral English.Stuck in such embarrassing situation,Seamus“he hadno sense of belonging,no apparent loyalties or allegiances”(Riemer,“Worlds”27)andthus resolved to find his certain identification in both of Chinese and Australian cultureattempting to subside his fretful spiritual internal world which yearned for a precise andclear self-identification.
Chapter Six Conclusion
6.1 Major Findings
As the first Australian literary novel which concentrates on the romantic andexciting adventures of those Chinese immigrants,Birds of Passage puts the issues ofthe limitations and disadvantages of Australian nationalism under the spotlight.Byskillfully using the double narrative strategy,Brian Castro breaks the time and spatiallimitation between those early Chinese immigrants and their descendants combining thedifferent life experiences into one.And such arrangement of the plot gives the readers astraight and overwhelming contrast of the sufferings and misfortunes in the 19th centuryAustralia and 20th century Australia.From the perspective of the spatial theory,thisthesis integrates the complex plots into three different dimensions:the aspect of thephysical space,the aspect of social space and the aspect of psychological space.And byanalyzing these three aspects,this research gives a full representation of how Australiannationalism mistreats those foreigners over the past one hundred years and thusdiscusses how Castro subverts such shallow and limited ideological trends.In the end,this thesis gives a further exploration about Brian Castro’s optimistic solution of how toestablish a harmonious multicultural Australian society.
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