《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代成就的最高境界。在这本小说中，苔丝是一个不断反抗命运的人。苔丝的理想和个人意识不断受到一系列的不幸和意外的考验。虽然苔丝的悲剧命运是在某种神秘力量的影响下，但故事的真实展开和点肯定是英国农民的解体和资产阶级社会的伪善道德作为悲剧的明显原因。
Abstract: Tess of the D'urbervilles was the height of Hardy's achievement. In this novel, we are introduced to Tess, an individual who is constantly rendered defendedless against fate. Tess's ideals and sense of individuality are continuously tested by a series of misadventures and accidents. Though the tragic fate of Tess is under the influence of some mysterious force, but the realistic unfolding of the story and points definitely to the disintegration of English peasantry and the hypocritical morality of bourgeois society as the obvious causes of the tragedy.
Keywords: fate, tragedy, morality, inevitable
Tess of the D'urbervilles is almost unique among the English novels of critical realism in the latter part of the 19th century. Tess, not only comes from the laboring folk but also is themselves laborers, and is crushed eventually by the society in which they live. Though the tragic story of the principal character in this novel seems to hinge upon the heroin's love and marriage, yet what Hardy attacks in the two novels goes much beyond the system of marriage in the hypocritical bourgeois society to include all the legal, moral, educational and religious phenomena of the world the capitalist relations. The heroine of Tess of the D'urbervilles is a peasant girl; her misfortunes and final tragedy are inevitably linked up with the disintegration of the peasantry, which reached its final stage in England at Hardy's time. Tess's work as wage-laborer at the Flintcomb-Ash farm shows how farming was then run on the capitalist basis, with the employment of badly exploited and oppressed wage owners who had to work on the hardest working conditions. What Tess received at the hands of her master the farmer at the Flintcomb-Ash farm-both tyranny and insult-sufficiently indicates how much a poor peasant girl, of a small free-holder family, had to suffer in that age. The tragic fate of Tess and of her family is therefore not that of an individual or a family, but is symbolic of the destruction of the English peasantry toward the end of the 19th century.
Bibliography:
1.History of English Literature 1999.8 商务出版社
2.Tess of the D'urbervilles 上海外文出版社
3.哈代的苔丝 中国新世纪出版社
Abstract: Tess of the D'urbervilles was the height of Hardy's achievement. In this novel, we are introduced to Tess, an individual who is constantly rendered defendedless against fate. Tess's ideals and sense of individuality are continuously tested by a series of misadventures and accidents. Though the tragic fate of Tess is under the influence of some mysterious force, but the realistic unfolding of the story and points definitely to the disintegration of English peasantry and the hypocritical morality of bourgeois society as the obvious causes of the tragedy.
Keywords: fate, tragedy, morality, inevitable
Tess of the D'urbervilles is almost unique among the English novels of critical realism in the latter part of the 19th century. Tess, not only comes from the laboring folk but also is themselves laborers, and is crushed eventually by the society in which they live. Though the tragic story of the principal character in this novel seems to hinge upon the heroin's love and marriage, yet what Hardy attacks in the two novels goes much beyond the system of marriage in the hypocritical bourgeois society to include all the legal, moral, educational and religious phenomena of the world the capitalist relations. The heroine of Tess of the D'urbervilles is a peasant girl; her misfortunes and final tragedy are inevitably linked up with the disintegration of the peasantry, which reached its final stage in England at Hardy's time. Tess's work as wage-laborer at the Flintcomb-Ash farm shows how farming was then run on the capitalist basis, with the employment of badly exploited and oppressed wage owners who had to work on the hardest working conditions. What Tess received at the hands of her master the farmer at the Flintcomb-Ash farm-both tyranny and insult-sufficiently indicates how much a poor peasant girl, of a small free-holder family, had to suffer in that age. The tragic fate of Tess and of her family is therefore not that of an individual or a family, but is symbolic of the destruction of the English peasantry toward the end of the 19th century.
Bibliography:
1.History of English Literature 1999.8 商务出版社
2.Tess of the D'urbervilles 上海外文出版社
3.哈代的苔丝 中国新世纪出版社
