语言学论文哪里有？本文的主要研究结果总结如下。英汉容器量词都具有包含或支持其他名词的含义，包括抽象名词和具体名词，它们在英汉中的比例不同。它们都借用了表示容器、身体部位的名词，以及表示封闭区域的名词。
Chapter One Introduction
1.3 Data Collection and Methodology
Firstly,determine the requirements of container classifiers,and then select thecontainer classifiers that meet the requirements.The container classifiers are definedand summarized into different categories according to the borrowed nouns,such ascontainers,body parts,nouns ending with the suffix-ful or-load,etc.Secondly,findthe English container nouns and input them into the American Contemporary EnglishCorpus(http://corpus.byu.edu/coca/)one by one to collect the relevant English corpus.Input the structure of“a classifier of”one by one and collect the data in this corpus.For example,enter the string“a bag of”,and then collect the frequency in COCA.
Thirdly,enter the corresponding Chinese container nouns one by one into the Corpusof Center for Chinese Linguistics PKU(http://ccl.pku.edu.cn)to collect the relevantChinese corpus.Input“一(yi,one)+classifier”and collect the data in this corpus.For example,input一包(yibao,a bag of)to collect the frequency of this containerclassifier.Finally,compare the collected Chinese container classifiers corpus andEnglish corpus to examine their similarities and differences.
This thesis combines quantitative and qualitative methods.The data of Englishcontainer classifiers are observed from Longman Grammar of Spoken and WrittenEnglish(Biber,et al.,1999)and the Corpus of Contemporary American English(COCA),and Chinese container classifiers are obtained from the Corpus of Center forChinese Linguistics PKU(CCL)and Chinese grammar book.
Chapter Three Theoretical Framework
3.1 Introduction
The present chapter is mainly to elucidate the Image Schema theory proposed byLakoff in the 1980s.Before that,this chapter presents an overview of CognitiveLinguistics,from which Image Schema theory is developed.Four Characteristics ofImage Schema are listed as Gestalt,embodied experience,spatial configuration,andperspective.Some categories of Image schema are also introduced.This chapter isexpected to provide a theoretical framework for the following studies.
Cognitive linguistics is a new approach emerged as a reaction against generativeapproaches to language.Ungerer and Schmid(1996,p.x)point out Cognitivelinguistics“is an approach to language that is based on our experience of the worldand the way we perceive and conceptualize it.”It mainly investigates the relationshipbetween human language,the mind,and socio-physical experience.Its experientialbasis is human’s physical experience and how people perceive and conceptualize theworld.Taylor(2002,p.4)points out that Cognitive Linguistics is“a cognitivelyplausible account of what it means to know a language,how languages are acquired,and how they are used.”
Chapter Four Comparative Study of English andChinese Container Classifiers
4.1 Introduction
In this chapter,a comparative study of English and Chinese container classifiersis done.Container classifiers in English and Chinese are listed and divided intodifferent types.The COCA and CCL corpus offer examples of the usages of classifiers.The similarities and differences of semantic characteristics of English and Chinesecontainer classifiers are examined,and the similarities and differences of the syntacticcharacteristics of English and Chinese container classifiers are studied.Finally,thecognitive motivations of similarities and differences are discussed.
4.2 Similarities and Differences of SemanticCharacteristics of ECC and CCC
The semantic characteristics of English and Chinese container classifiers areexamined in this section.Different kinds of nouns can be used as container classifiers.The classifiers bag and包(bao,bag),tube and管(guan,tube),handful,手(shou,hand)and把(ba,handful),tableful and桌(zhuo,table),skyful and天(tian,sky),truckload and车(che,vehicle),pool and潭(tan,pool)are examined respectivelyin this research.
4.2.1 Semantic characteristics of English container classifiers
There are different kinds of words that can be used as container classifiers inEnglish.Different kinds of nouns are borrowed in English as container classifiers.Firstly,the containers such as cup,box,barrel,bag,tube,etc.Secondly,the containerclassifiers end with the suffix-ful,such as handful,mouthful,eyeful,armful,roomful,etc.Thirdly,the container classifiers end with the suffix-load,such as coachload,busload,truckload,etc.Fourthly,natural environment and place,such as pool,sea,ocean,body,treeful,skyful,etc.
In this thesis,seven container classifiers are chosen in English.These classifiersare bag,tube,handful,tableful,skyful,truckload,and pool.These classifiers areexamined respectively.The semantic characteristics of these classifiers in differentcollocations are reviewed as follows.
Chapter Five Conclusion
5.1 Major Findings of the Study
The major findings of this thesis are summarized as follows.
Both English and Chinese container classifiers have the meaning of containing orsupporting other nouns,which include both abstract and concrete nouns,and theirproportions in English and Chinese are different.They all borrow nouns denotingcontainers,body parts,and nouns referring to enclosed areas.Some of these nounshave a three-dimensional shape in daily life,such as bag,cup,and tube.Some ofthese nouns are some body parts that have a surface like handful,or an enclosed arealike tableful,or some tools or vehicles have a function of carrying and transportinglike truckload and coachload.Both English and Chinese use countable,visible,andbounded objects to count and carry the unbounded and uncountable things.However,the proportions in English and Chinese are different.
The English structure“a+N1-ful/-load+of+N2”corresponds to the Chinese“一(yi,one)/满(man,full)+classifier+noun”structure.For example,a tableful offlowers corresponds to一桌花(yi zhuo hua,a tableful of flowers),and a skyful ofstars corresponds to满天星星(man tian xingxing,a skyful of stars).They differ inomission,inversion,and plural forms.The plural forms of English and Chineseclassifiers are different.English classifiers will be omitted if both the speaker andhearer know it,such as bring two beer and bring two tea.There is no invertedconstruction in English.
reference(omitted)
