语言学论文哪里有？基于作者提到的这些局限性，研究者在未来的研究中可以将更多的注意力集中在以下几个维度：建立网络新词的动态循环语料库。研究人员可以收集网民的言论，并将其放入动态微博语料库中，这将为在线词汇的研究提供极大的便利。更重要的是，学者们可以进行更多的跨语言语言语言类型学研究，因为“狗”和“威”结构中的许多网络新词或多或少都与“狗”如“幸运狗”和“微”如“微计算机”、“微波”、“微软”等有关。汉语和英语中新兴词缀的异同值得我们进一步研究，对其他语言也有必要和值得进一步研究。
CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.2 Research significance
From the above statement, the author will focus on ―-gou3‖ and ―wei1-‖, the two representatives of emerging affixes in Modern Chinese to have the exploration of their internal word-formation in a new theoretical framework- Booij‘s Construction Morphology. This paper tries to present a new way to tackle the debated issues on the blurry boundary between derivations and compounds in Chinese and then analyzes their cognitive mechanisms under Construction Grammar. The significance of this study can be listed out as follows:
y can be listed out as follows: Firstly, the author hopes it will contribute to a better understanding of a ―mistreated‖ category of word formation in Modern Chinese and the description as well as the prediction of new emerging affixes in the future. This paper observes the internal word formation of two kinds of emerging affixes and summarizes their features by comparing two emerging affixes, ―-gou3‖, a typical quasi-suffix, and ―wei1-‖, a typical secreted prefix, with their original words.
Secondly, by adopting the theoretical framework-Construction Morphology on Modern Chinese, the author hopes that this study can enrich its analysis of Chinese facts, and contribute to offering a new way to interpret the internal structure of new cyber words in Chinese.
Thirdly, this study conduces to the studies on the application of Construction Grammar on lexical morphemes in Modern Chinese. Being affected by Structural Linguistics, linguists at home consequently do not attach enough importance to the morphological study of Chinese (An and Cheng 2017). The thesis will enrich the application of Construction Grammar in Chinese vocabularies.
CHAPTER THREE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
3.1 Morphology and Construction Grammar
Morphology deals with the internal structure of words, which is about how morpheme combines to be words. Compound and derivation are two main ways of word formation. For the analysis of word formation on complex words, morpheme-based and word-based ways are fundamental (An and Cheng 2017). The morpheme-based approach is prevailing in post-Bloomfieldian American linguistics including Traditional Morphology and prevalent Distributed Morphology in which complex words are regarded as the concatenation of morphemes. For example, ―walker‖ can be treated as the concatenation of a verbal morpheme ―walk‖ and a nominalizing suffix ―-er‖, which carries ―agent‖ meaning.
Alternatively, Construction Morphology, a word-based perspective in which words are the formation units of morphological analysis, takes the notion ―construction‖ into consideration. The advantage is that ‗it can be used both at the level of word structure and that of syntactic structure without obliterating the differences between these two domains‘ (Booij 2010a:2). Construction Morphology avoids the analytic way of taking morphemes as the analytic units, which will offer a novel approach to the morphological research on complex words in Chinese.
CHAPTER FIVE A CONSTRUCTION MORPHOLOGY STUDY OF “-GOU3” AND “WEI1-”
5.1 A Construction Morphology analysis of “-gou3” word cluster
5.1.1 Classifications of “-gou3” word cluster
In order to keep a good grip on the syllabic structure and word class of new cyber words ―gou3‖, the author provides a preliminary statistical analysis of ―-gou3‖ word family after collecting the data from previous studies and Sougou.com.
This study observes that in ―-gou3‖ construction, most of them are ―disyllable plus gou3‖, accounting for over 83%, such as ―da4si4gou3‖, ―cheng2xu4gou3‖, ―ke1yan2gou3‖ and so on, which are in accord with the feature of disyllabification in Chinese. They are tri-syllabic words for the whole ―disyllable plus gou3‖, indicating that new cyber words in Modern Chinese, to some extent, are inclined to become tri-syllabification. Of course, a very small amount of them are ―monosyllable plus gou3‖, such as ―chang3gou3‖, ―yan2gou3‖ and ―tri-syllable plus gou3‖, such as ―yuan3guang1deng1gou3‖. The following table 5-1 is The Syllable Structure of ―-gou3‖ and for the detailed data, see Appendix C.
5.2 A Construction Morphology analysis of “wei1-” word cluster
5.2.1 Classification of “wei1-” word cluster
In 2009, ―micro blog‖ is introduced in China by the ―Sina‖ company. With the development of ―Weibo‖, ―wei1-‖ clusters based on ―Weibo‖ spring up, such as ―wei1you3‖, ―wei1dian4‖, ―wei1ke4‖, ―wei1ying2xiao1‖ and so on. In 2011, the character ―wei1‖ is selected as the ―Chinese Character of the Year on Both Sides of the Taiwan Strait‖. In 2012, the character ―wei1‖ is listed on the ―China Jiaozi cutting-edge List‖ and once again becomes the ―Chinese Character of the Year‖.
In ―wei1-‖ word family, the author finds that the number of syllables after ―wei1‖ in ―wei1-‖ can be roughly divided into four types: the first type is ―wei1‖ plus one-syllable morphemes such as ―wei1bo1‖, ―wei1dian4‖ and ―wei1shang1‖. For example: ―wei1dian4‖ is a kind of shop run in Wechat as its platform. The second type is ―wei1‖ plus disyllable morphemes such as ―wei1dai4li3‖, ―wei1shang1cheng2‖, ―wei1ying2xiao1‖ and so on. For example, ―wei1dai4li3‖ means people sell products in Wechat by sharing goods in their Wechat moments or Wechat groups. ―wei1‖ plus tri-syllable morphemes consist of the third type of ―wei1-‖, such as ―wei1ji4lu4pian1‖. The last type is ―wei1‖ plus multi-syllable morphemes, which merely accounts for a small proportion, such as ―wei1 kong3bu4 zhu3yi4‖. The following table 5-4 is about its syllabic number distribution of ―wei1-‖.
CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSIONS
6.1 An overview of major findings
The author collects 164 ―-gou3‖ and 197 ―wei1-‖ from the instances of the previous literature and Sougou.com by making use of Python Reptile and Jieba (Chinese for ―to stutter‖) Chinese text segmentation. This study carries out a statistical analysis of the data collected and then describes construction schemas of the two typical emerging affixes-―-gou3‖ and ―wei1-‖ in Modern Chinese from a new perspective-Construction Morphology.
As far as the first question is concerned, by observing lots of new cyber words and reading many literatures about word-formation in Chinese, the author summarizes that emerging affixes in Modern Chinese covers two parts: quasi-affixes and secreted affixes and gives a relatively clear definition about their distinctive features. Quasi-affixes in Modern Chinese evolve from free words, which are able to be used independently. Moreover, their meaning is bleached by way of metaphor or metonymy. On the contrary, secreted affixes develop from loan-words of foreign language, either through phonetic adaptations or through direct translation of their meaning, and they are bound to the complex words. In new cyber words ―wei1-‖, ―wei1‖ is closely related with Weibo or Internet whose meaning has little obvious connections with the typical meanings in the dictionary. This new kind of meaning is entitled to most new cyber words of ―wei1-‖ as ―wei1-‖ word family is analogized.
For the next two questions, the author makes some classifications on word clusters of ―-gou3‖ and ―wei1-‖ by representing some tables to find out their features of word-formation. By comparing them with the ―-gou3‖ and ―wei1-‖ in CCL and explicating their meanings with the aid of several Chinese dictionaries, the study finds that new cyber words of ―-gou3‖ in our daily life are not mainly negative, most of which are neutral or even positive. Their construction meanings are stated as follows: a kind of pet name, indicating people‘s close relationship; a kind of self-mockery for those people in some kind of state for a long time; a satire to those people with despicable behaviors. In addition, the new cyber words ―wei1-‖ are not merely related to ―tiny or small‖ in the high-tech realm, most of which are also closely connected with Network.
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