文学论文哪里有？本文从女性主义叙事学和物叙事学的角度分析了黑人女性声音消失的原因。首先，通过对作者声音和个人声音的讨论，揭示了《最蓝的眼睛》中被压抑的声音。他们在种族歧视和性别压迫的双重枷锁下宣泄自己扭曲的感情。
Chapter I The Internalized Things of Cultural Signifiers:Narrative Voice in the Pursuit of White Aesthetic
1.1 The Dolls:Personal Voice in the Processe of Growth
The personal voice refers to narrators who are self-consciously telling their ownstory.(Lancer 1986:22)The narrator uses the first person to tell stories,and the targetof narration is the characters in the fictional novel.This term refers to“experiencingself”and“narrating self”by Genette.Although the“I”in the novel is still superior toother voices in structure,it does not give the author the privilege of surpassing others.Its status depends not only on the reader’s response to the narrator’s behavior but alsoon the character’s behavior.The female narrators have no gender-neutral mask,thusthey can represent female subjectivity and redefine the feminine.The personal voicein the novel The Bluest Eye has a meaning beyond the literal description.The wholestory is an recall of the elder Claudia.The story often shows the painful experience ofthe black.In The Bluest Eye,personal voice is used by Morrison to make hercharacters tell stories.In addition,dolls play an important role in Claudia’s life.Dollsare symbols of white norms.The image of dolls illustrates how Morrison uses Claudiato show the negative effect of specific things.And how Claudia fails to represents theblack to fight the white dominant norms by personal voice.
Chapter II The Things of Binary Opposition:DoubleNarrative Perspectives in the Restoration of the Story
2.1 The Crooked Foot:The Alienated Self in the White-dominantCulture
The female narrative perspective is represented by Pauline.Through the femaleperspective,the readers get to know Pauline’s family background.By using thefemale narrative perspective,the reasons that cause Pauline to a victim are revealed.She has a crooked foot that drags on the ground while she is walking.She is not sovalued in the family.Because of her black skin,she does not dare to approach thewhite.Due to the crooked foot,Pauline yearns for the scenes in the film.The moviesof the white aesthetic standards make her detest herself more.
Pauline is the victim of her marriage.At first,Cholly’s appearance saves Paulinefrom her self contempt of her crooked foot.In the process of getting along with eachother,Cholly completely ignores Pauline’s lameness.Cholly’s soft words replacePauline’s care for the crooked foot.
Chapter III The Things Being Broken:The FragmentationBounded by Narrative Time
3.1 The Primer:Interspersed in the Reversed Seasons
Time sequence plays an essential role in narration,mostly in chronological order.Morrison uses different narrative time in this novel.As Morrison once said“I don’twant to follow the same pattern.I want to break the traditional rules of writing novelsand write novels of real value.”(Christian 1976:177)Morrison boldly explores anduses the narrative strategy of“time”in this novel.It is worth noting that the carefullyarranged“time”in the novel is closely related to black women’s living conditions.Adopting these non-linear continuous“time”constitutes the shackles that hinder blackwomen’s voices’disappearing.It can be seen that the use of this narrative strategy notonly provides the audience with a variety of viewing perspectives and multipleinterpretation space but also strengthens the tragic theme of the article.In The BluestEye,Morrison disrupts the traditional four seasons.In terms of narrative time,sheputs autumn and winter before spring and summer,forming a time reversal.Andthings in this part take the function of ontological things.The things reveals how theauthor puts forward the relationship between characters and things.
What’s more,excerpts from the primer Dick and Jane are juxtaposed in the fourseasons’chapters.It is a popular primer among American schools and more than 80percent American first-grade students read it.Dick and Jane is known for its simplenarrative text and watercolor illustrations and it have become icons of mid-centuryAmerican culture and collectors’items.In the chapters named after four seasons,thisprimer appears six times in total.The content in each excerpt of primer is related tothe story in the novel.Each of them are one part of the primer.However,the primer’scontent is showing the happiness of the family,while the content in the novel isentirely the opposite.It is not just the seasons that are misplaced so does thedependability of adults.
3.2 The Bodies:Fragmented Female Rebellion
As for frequency,Genette pointed out“Schematically,we can say that anarrative,whatever it is，may tell once what happened once，n times what happened ntimes，n times what happened once,once what happened n times.”(Genette 1980:180)Morrison’s artistic ability is expressed by changing the narrative frequency to achievea rich and colourful rhythm.If we say that women represented by Pauline andGeraldine are distorted,then,the three prostitutes in the novel,China,Poland,andMarie,are the practitioners of women’s freedom.Under the shackles of thehypocritical world,they have to use their own bodies as weapons.The threeprostitutes despise black men who can neither provide living conditions for theirfamilies nor they cherish their wives.The prostitutes seize every opportunity to attackmen’s weaknesses.Their disrespectful to black men are regarded as betrayers of raceand the patriarchal ideology existing in the black internalized the value standard ofwhite people.About the frequency,the three female characters whose appearances have a significant effect on this novel.The prostitutes do not show up frequently,buteach appearance brings the effect of enlightenment and plays a vital role in the novel.The function of ontological things is shown by putting forward the objectification ofcharacters.In the process of often reappearing in the novel,the prostitutes use theirbodies to express the resistance against the male oppression and social discrimination,attempting to make their voices heard but failed.
Conclusion
As the first black woman writer to win the Nobel Prize for literature,ToniMorrison has shown many exquisite techniques in her first novel The Bluest Eye.Generations of black people have been demoted to the“other”and lost their voice.Morrison purposefully writes stories that defy the“white mainstream ideology”byfocusing on African-Americans’real living conditions at the time.Thus,The BluestEye serves a form of telling the accounts of people whose stories are rarely told anddeliberately hidden.This avoids the historical records of the white mainstreamideology and gives the black people the right to speak.Her first novel is distinctive.On the one hand,the themes of her works always focus on black women,focusing onboth the personal fate of women and the racial feelings of the black race.ToniMorrison transforms her personal pain into racial sufferance.Morrison makes itpossible for people to know the suffering of the black.On the other hand,Morrison’sartistic form has a variety of narrative means to break the linear narrative,whichexpresses the self-consciousness of black women and forms her unique narrative style.Thus allows people to witness the process of the black regaining their dignity.
This thesis analyzes the reasons of the disappearance of black women’s voicebased on Feminist Narratology and Thing Narration.First of all,the oppressed voicein The Bluest Eye is revealed,through this discussion of authorial voice and personalvoice.They promulgate their twisted feelings under the double shackles of racialdiscrimination and gender oppression.Morrison repudiates the harm of white people’saesthetic standards to black people.White people’s emphasis on beauty permeatesinto consumer culture and brings the most devastating harm to black people.Such apervasive invasion of values causes the black people’s self-denial.This thesisanalyzes the narration from both female and male perspectives.It shows the wholestory from both Pauline’s narration and Cholly’s narration as well.
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