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论文目录范文样本一:国际贸易对二氧化碳排放和环境效率的影响
Abstract
摘要
CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research Background and Significance of the Study
1.2 Research Questions
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Structure of the Dissertation
1.5 Novelties of the Study
1.6 Theoretical contributions
1.7 Methodology contributions
CHAPTER2 RELATED THEORIES
2.1 Technology Innovation related Theories
2.1.1 Adam Jaffe Theory of Innovation
2.1.2 The Teece Model of Innovation
2.2 Trade Theories related to Environment
2.2.1 Pollution Heaven Theory
2.2.2 Pollution Halo Theory
2.2.3 The Pollution Term of Trade Index
2.2.4 The Factor Endowment Theory
2.3 Theories of Population Growth related to Environment
2.3.1 The IPAT Model
2.3.2 The STIRPAT Model
2.4 Energy Economic Theories
CHAPTER3 LITERATURE REVIEW
3.1 Technology Innovation and Carbon dioxide emissions
3.2 International trade and Carbon dioxide emissions
3.2.1 Export and Carbon dioxide emissions
3.2.2.Import and Carbon dioxide emissions
3.3 International Trade and Environmental Efficiency
3.4 Foreign Direct Investment and Carbon dioxide emissions
3.5 Foreign Direct Investment and Environmental Efficiency
3.6 per capita income and carbon dioxide emissions
3.7 Urbanization and Carbon dioxide emissions
3.8 Energy Consumption and Carbon dioxide emissions
3.9 Population Growth and Carbon dioxide emissions
CHAPTER4 DIFFERENT IMPACTS OF EXPORT AND IMPORT ON CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Formulation of Hypothesis based on Technology Innovation
4.3 Formulation of Hypothesis based on Trade Openness
4.3.1 Formulation of Hypothesis based on Export
4.3.2 Formulation of Hypothesis based on Import
4.4 Methodology and Data
4.4.1 Panel Quantile Regression Model
4.4.2 Model Construction
4.4.3 Panel Unit Root Tests
4.4.4 Panel Cointegration Test
4.5 Data
4.6 Results and Discussion
4.6.1 Unit root Tests
4.6.2 Panel Cointegration Results
4.6.3 Normality Tests of the Variables
4.6.4 Panel Quantile Results
4.7 Summary and Policy Recommendations
CHAPTER5 DYANMIC EFFECTS OF TRADE OPENNESS AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Formulation of hypothesis based on urbanization
5.3 Formulation of hypothesis based on foreign direct investment
5.4 Formulation of hypothesis based on trade openness
5.5 Methodology and Data
5.5.1 Generalized Method of Moments Model
5.5.2 Data
5.6 Results and discussion
5.6.1 Results of GMM method
5.6.2 Results of quantile regression for individual country
5.7 Summary and Policy Implications
CHAPTER6 THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICEINCY
6.1.Introduction
6.2.Methodology and data
6.2.1 Meta frontier epsilon-based model
6.2.2 Econometric Model of Environmental Efficiency Determinants
6.2.3 Regression Discontinuity Method
6.2.4 Data
6.4 Results of Environmental Efficiency
6.4.1 Environmental Efficiency Comparison
6.4.2 Technological Gap Ratio among the Six Regions
6.4.3 Results of Malmquist-Luenberger
6.5 The effect of Paris Climate Agreement on EE
6.5.1 Graphical analysis
6.5.2 Results of Regression Discontinuity Analysis
6.5.3 Robust tests
6.6 Conclusion and policy implications
CHAPTER7 CONCLUSIONS,POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
7.1 Concluding Remarks
7.2 Policy Recommendations
7.2.1 Policy Implications on Different Impacts of Export and Import on Carbon Emissions
7.2.2 Policy Implications Based on Dynamic Effects of Trade Openness and FDI on Carbon dioxide emissions
7.2.3 Policy Implications Based on the Impact of FDI on Environmental Efficiency
7.3 The Major Drawback of the Study
Appendix
References
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Publications
Academic awards
论文目录范文样本二:国际贸易自由化、经济增长与减贫 ——以马里为例的研究
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
CHAPTER ONE:Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Data and Methodology
1.6 Structure of the Thesis
CHAPTER TWO:Trade liberalization,economic growth and poverty reduction:A survey of Literature
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The literature on the Relationship between Trade Liberalization and Economic Growth
2.2.1 Theories linking trade liberalization and economic growth
2.2.2 Trade liberalization and economic growth:empirical evidence
2.3 The Literature on the Relationship between Economic Growth and PovertyReduction
2.3.1 Theories linking economic growth and poverty reduction
2.3.2 Economic growth and poverty reduction:empirical evidence
2.4 The Literature on the Relationship between Trade Liberalization and Poverty Reduction
2.4.1 Theories linking trade liberalization and poverty reduction
2.4.2 Trade liberalization and poverty reduction:empirical evidence
2.5 Conclusion of the chapter
CHAPTER THREE:TRADE LIBERALIZATION,ECONOMIC GROWTH ANDPOVERTY REDUCTION IN MALI:AN OVERVIEW
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Trade Liberalization Policy and Performance
3.2.1 A Brief review of Malians trade policy reform
3.2.2 Trade performance in Mali
3.2.3 Importance of Foreign direct investment in Mali
3.3 Overview of Economic Growth in Mali
3.3.1 Trends in economic growth in Mali
3.3.2 Structure of Mali’s GDP
3.4 Overview of Poverty in Mali
3.5 Conclusion of the chapter
CHAPTER FOUR:TRADE LIBERALIZATION,ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY REDUCTION:RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Theoretical Framework and Model Specification
4.3 Description of Variables and Data Sources
4.4 Estimation technique
4.5 Conclusion of the chapter
CHAPTER FIVE:Trade liberalization,Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction:Empirical Results and discussion
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Descriptive statistics
5.3 Stationarity Tests
5.4 Relationship between Trade Liberalization,Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction:Estimation Results using Per Capita Consumption
5.5 Relationship between Trade Liberalization,Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction:Estimation Results using Infant Mortality Rate
5.6 Relationship between Trade Liberalization,Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction:Estimation Results using Life Expectancy at Birth
5.7 Conclusion of the chapter
CHAPTER SIX:CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY RECOMMANDATIONS
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Summary of the thesis
6.3 General Conclusions
6.4 Policy Recommendations
6.5 Research Contributions
6.6 Limitations of the study and Areas for further research
References
Appendix
论文目录范文样本三:经济的国际贸易和增长:卢旺达经济,1997-2018年
摘要
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of the study
1.3 Statement of the Problem
1.4 Purpose of the study
1.5 Specific Objectives
1.6 Research Hypothesis Development
1.7 The study scope
1.8 The significance of the Study
1.9 Research methodology
1.10 Thesis Structure
CHAPTER TWO: OVERVIEW OF RWANDA'S POLITICAL,GOVERNMENTAL AND ECONOMIC HISTORY
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Summary of Rwandan Economy
2.2.1 Political Context
2.2.2 Social Context
2.2.3 Economic Overview
2.2.4 Development Context
2.3 State of the Rwandan Economy
2.4 Governance: A Foundational Priority
2.5 Rwandan Key Economic Reforms
2.5.1 Rwanda's Economic Policy Reforms, 1960-2008
2.5.2 Macro-economic Indicators
2.5.3 Inflation Control and Economic Reforms in Rwanda
2.5.4 Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth in Rwanda
2.6 Causes of Inflation in Rwanda
2.6.1 Food and Transport Costs
2.6.2 Rwanda’s Fiscal Deficit and Monetary Factors
2.6.3 Aggregate Demand and Cost Factors
2.6.4 External Factors
2.7 Assessing the relevance of Openness in Rwanda's Economy
2.7.1 Contribution of Openness to the Current Account
2.7.2 The Contribution of Openness to Production and Productivity
2.8 Challenges to reforms in Post genocide
2.9 Rwanda's Economic Growth after adopting Reforms 1994-2017
2.10 Conclusion
CHAPTER THREE EXPORT OUTFLOWS, IMPORT INFLOW AND FDI IN RWANDA
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Export Performance before and after the reforms in Rwanda
The new urgency for export growth
3.3 Empirical review on relationship between export dynamic and GDP growth rate
3.3.1 Import Flows after the reforms in Rwanda
3.4. Analysis of the relationship between Import demands and economic growth in Rwanda
3.5 Empirical reviews on imports of goods and services and GDP growth rate
3.6 Review of FDI Inflows into Rwanda before and after Economic Reforms
3.6.1 FDI Inflows into Rwanda before the independence
3.6.2 FDI Inflows into Rwanda after economic reforms
3.6.3 Trends of FDI in Rwanda after Economic reforms
3.6.4 Foreign Direct Investment and economic growth in Rwanda
3.7 Investment Regulations in Rwanda
CHAPTER FOUR REVIEW OF KEY THEORIES OF GROWTH AND INVESTMENT: THEORIES AND ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
4.1 Growth Theories for the study
4.2 Modelling Economic Growth
4.2.1 The Solow-Swan Model
4.2.2 Properties of the Neoclassical Solow-Swan Model
(ⅰ) Constant return to scale
(ii) Positive and diminishing returns to factor inputs
(iii) Inada conditions for equilibrium production conditions
(iv) Essentiality
4.2.3 The Steady State of Growth
4.3 Mankiw, Romer and Weil Model
4.4. New Growth Theory
4.5 Measuring Economic Growth
4.6 Key Investment theories and their definitions
4.7 The Origin of FDI Theories
4.7.1 The Portfolio Investment Theory to FDI Theories
4.7.2 Capital Movements Theory
4.7.3 Market Size Theory
4.7.4 FDI Stage Model Theories
4.7.5 The Uppsala Model Illustration of FDI Inflows
4.8 Transaction Cost Theory as a Basis for FDI
4.9 Ownership
4.10. Location
4.11. The Ozawa Economic Development FDI Theory
4.12 Other FDI-Imperfect Market-Based Theories
4.12.1 The Exchange Rates Theory
4.12.2 The Internal Financing Theory
4.13 FDI International Political Economy (IPE)-Based Theories
4.14 UNCTAD,BITs and FDI Promotion
4.14.1 Interstate and Regional Level Explanation for Foreign Investments
4.14.2 National Level and Government Policies Explaining Foreign Investment
4.15 The Economic Importance of Domestic Investment
4.15.1 Foreign Investor Perspective
4.15.2 The Benign Model of FDI
4.15.3. The Malign Model of FDI
4.15.3.1 Dutch Disease and FDI Effects on Host Nations
4.16 Concluding Remarks
CHAPTER FIVE: MODELLING THE IMPACT OF EXPORTS AND IMPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN RWANDA
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Modeling Openness on Economic Growth
5.3 Measuring Openness
5.3.1 Modelling the Impact of Tourism on Economic Growth
5.3.2 Modelling the Impact of Telecommunications on Economic Growth
5.3.3 The Impact of Telecommunications on Productivity
5.3.4 Modelling Government Expenditure on Economic Growth
5.4 Modelling Inflation on Economic Growth
5.4.1 The Neoclassical Theory and the Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth
5.4.2 Measuring Inflation
5.4.2.1 The Consumer Price Index Measurement for Inflation
5.6 Modeling Exports trade and Economic Growth
5.6.1 Background to Exports and economic growth
5.6.2 Theoretical underpinnings of imports and Economic growth
5.6.3 Empirical Review on imports and Economic growth
CHAPTER SIX: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Description of the Variables
6.2.1 The Scope and Sources of data
6.2.2 Variable Definitions and Measurement
6.3 Conceptual Framework
6.4 Investigation of Properties of the Variables
6.4.0 Logarithmic Form Transformation
6.4.1 Preliminary Variables Investigation
6.4.2 Correlation Analysis
6.4.3 Trend Analysis
6.4.4 Unit Root Testing
6.4.5 Augmented Dickey- Fuller Tests
6.4.6 The KPSS Tests for Unit Roots
6.4.7 Endogeneity Investigation
6.5 Long and Short-Run Estimation
6.5.1 Time-Series Cointegration estimation
6.5.2 Trace Statistic
6.5.3 Maximum Eigenvalue Statistic
6.5.4 Lag Lengths Selection Criteria
6.5.5 Estimation of Short-Run Relationship among Endogenous Variables
6.5.6 Simultaneous Equation Specification
6.5.7 Structure of the Simultaneous Equation
6.5.8. Simultaneous Equation Estimation under a VAR Approach
6.5.9 The Theoretical VECM Procedure for Estimating the Simultaneous Equation
6.5.10 Rationale for Employing the VECM Procedure
6.5.11 Procedure for VECM Estimation of Short-Run and Long-Run Relationship
6.5.12 VECM Model Validation
6.5.13 Model Stability
6.5.14 Correlogram Analysis
6.5.15 Portmanteau Residual Test for Autocorrelations
6.5.16 Residual Normality Test
6.5.17 Residual Endogenous Variables Examination
6.5.18 VECM Systems Long-Run and Short-Run Analysis
6.5.19 Long-Run Analysis
6.5.20 Short-Run Analysis
6.5.20.1 VECM Systems Model Ex-Ante Forecasting
6.5.20.2 Impulse Response
6.5.20.3 Variance Decomposition
6.5.21 Simultaneous Equation Estimation
6.5.21.1 Rationale for OLS for Model Estimation
6.5.21.2 Validation of the VECM Systems Simultaneous Equation Residual
6.5.21.3 Estimation of the Simultaneous Equations
6.5.22 Specifications of Testable Hypotheses
6.5.23. Validation of the Estimated Simultaneous Equations
6.5.24 Stability Tests
6.5.24.1 Serial Correlation Tests
6.5.24.2. Heteroscedasticity Tests
6.5.25 Ex-Post Forecasting
6.6 Concluding Remarks
CHAPTER SEVEN: TIME-SERIES PROPERTIES AND INVESTIGATION OF THE VARIABLES
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Descriptive statistics
7.3 Correlation Analysis
7.4 Regression analysis
7.5 Series Trend Analysis
7.6 Time Series Unit Root Testing
CHAPTER EIGHT: ESTIMATION OF THE SHORT AND LONG-RUN RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE ENDOGENOUS VARIABLES
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Economic growth and export of goods and services
8.2.1 Unit root tests
8.2.2 Co-integration tests
8.2.3 Granger causality analysis
8.2.4 Impulse response functions
8.3 Economic Growth and Imports
8.3.1 Unit root tests
8.3.2 Cointegration tests
8.3.3 Granger causality analysis
8.3.4 Impulse response functions
8.4 Economic growth and FDI inflow
8.4.1 Unit root tests
8.4.2 Co-integration tests
8.4.3 Granger causality analysis
8.4.4 Impulse response functions
8.5 Conclusion
Chapter Nine: Discussion of Results
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Discussion of Major Findings Arising from the Series Properties Investigation ofthe Variables
9.3. Discussion on the Relationship between Net Exports and GDP Growth Rate inRwanda
9.3 1 Discussion on the Relationship between Net Imports and GDP Growth Rate inRwanda
9.3 2 Discussion on the Relationship between Net FDI and GDP Growth Rate inRwanda
9.4 Discussion of theories and Economic relevance to Rwandan Economy
9.5 Lessons learnt by Rwanda from China's economic growth strategies
CHAPTER TEN: CONCLUSIONS, POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND AREAS FOR FUTURERESEARCH
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Summary
10.2.1 Investment regimes in Rwanda
10.2.2 The Key investment Theories and their Economic Significance
10.2.3 Major Findings from Modelling the Impact of Exports, imports and FDI onEconomic Growth
10.3 Hypotheses Tests Major Findings
10.4 Findings on the Estimation Short-Run and Long-Run Relationship amongEndogenous Variables and Policy implication on Rwandan Economy
10.5 Key Contributions of the study
10.5.1 Theoretical and Empirical Contributions
10.5.2 Methodological Contributions
10.6 Policy Implications to Rwanda
10.7 Key Recommendations
10.8 Key Limitations of this Study
10.9 Conclusion
10.10 Recommendations for Future Studies
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Acknowledgements
Dedication
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